Due Process and Economic Rights- Old Regime (Lochner) |
Due Process and Economic Rights- New Regime (Nebbia, Lee Optical to present) |
1. Some
government economic objectives are illegitimate. |
1. Government is
free to choose among economic objectives. |
2. Laws that
unduly burden liberty of contract and property rights will be struck
down. |
2. Government
may choose any rational means-even if it severely burdens liberty of
contract or property rights. |
3. Government
must use less restrictive, less burdensome means to achieve its
legitimate objectives. |
3. Government
need not use less restrictive, less burdensome means even if they are
available and even if they would achieve gov’t objectives equally
effectively or even more effectively. |
4. Court is free
to second guess legislative fact finding in reviewing constitutionality
of laws. |
4. Court will
not second guess legislative fact finding. Moreover, court will
presume legislature had rational basis for law even if no facts in
record support that conclusion. |
5. Laws that
interfere with economic rights will be struck down if the means are not
directly related to achieving a legitimate end. |
5. Laws that
interfere with economic rights will only be struck down if the means
are not rationally related to a legitimate end. |